Suffolk County’s New Cesspool Regulations Are Reshaping Long Island’s Wastewater Management in 2024

Long Island homeowners are facing significant changes to their wastewater management systems as Suffolk County continues to enforce and expand regulations that fundamentally alter how residential properties handle sewage disposal. Suffolk County Executive Steve Bellone has signed legislation banning the installation of cesspools, effective July 1, 2019, which have been identified as a primary source of nitrogen pollution that has degraded water quality throughout Suffolk County in Long Island, NY. The legislation also requires the wastewater industry to provide data regarding system replacement and pumping activities to the Department of Health Services and requires permits for replacement of existing systems.

Understanding the Current Regulatory Framework

The regulatory landscape for cesspools and septic systems in Suffolk County has evolved dramatically since 2019. The use of cesspools in new construction has been banned since 1973, and they cannot be used as replacements for old ones. Homeowners are not required to replace their current systems, but if they decide to do so, the new systems must meet the same standards as those established in 1973. However, the requirements have become more stringent for specific circumstances.

Suffolk County Legislature passed new changes in October 2020 that require septic improvement and innovative treatment systems, effective July 1, 2021. Nitrogen-reducing systems are required for new family residential construction, major reconstruction projects, new multi-family or non-residential projects, and all new commercial projects. This means that homeowners planning significant renovations or new construction must install advanced nitrogen-reducing systems instead of traditional septic systems or cesspools.

The Science Behind the Regulations

The push for these regulations stems from serious environmental concerns. Nitrogen pollution from cesspools and failing septic systems is the leading source of excess nutrients in our bays and other natural waters. The pollution introduces too many nutrients into the body of water, leading to algal blooms, fish death, and beach closures. According to a study by the Long Island Commission for Aquifer Protection, nitrogen pollution in Long Island’s aquifers rose by 200% between 1987 and 2005.

The Suffolk County Wastewater Plan, adopted in July 2020, estimated that there are 365,000 residential onsite sewage disposal systems installed in Suffolk County, of which 252,530 are estimated to consist of cesspools only. Environmental experts point to these systems as being a danger to groundwater, which leaches into bays and creeks.

Requirements for Homeowners

Current regulations require homeowners to take action in specific circumstances. Homeowners who choose to replace existing cesspools and septic systems must meet the same minimum standards that have been required for entirely new systems since 1973. Replacement of existing cesspools and septic systems will require registration of the new system with the Department of Health Services.

For new construction and major renovations, the requirements are more stringent. As of July 1, 2021, Article 6 requires the new systems to be installed for all new construction. The code defines residential new construction as the construction of a new dwelling on a vacant tax parcel; construction of a replacement residential dwelling; the addition of bedrooms to an existing residential dwelling.

Financial Assistance Available

Recognizing the financial burden these regulations place on homeowners, Suffolk County has established comprehensive grant programs. In order to make the cost of I/A systems more affordable for homeowners, Suffolk County has launched the Septic Improvement Program (SIP). Under the SIP, homeowners who decide to replace their cesspool or septic system with the new I/A OWTS technologies may be eligible for grants from New York State and Suffolk County toward the purchase and installation of a nitrogen removal septic system and leaching structure.

The Suffolk County Septic Improvement Program provides up to $10,000 base grant. There is also up to an additional $10,000 that can be awarded to a grantee that installs a pressurized shallow drain field leaching system ($5,000) and/or toward the unit installation for low to moderate incomes eligible applicants ($5,000). Recent developments have made funding even more generous, with homeowners can now be reimbursed for up to 75% of the project cost, or $25,000, for systems that significantly reduce nitrogen, phosphorus, and PFAS chemicals.

Working with Professional Service Providers

Given the complexity of these regulations and the technical requirements for new systems, homeowners need to work with experienced professionals. Quality Cesspool, a family-owned company serving Nassau and Suffolk County for four generations, understands these evolving requirements. At Quality Cesspool, we’re not just a service provider—we are part of the Long Island community. Our company has been family-owned and operated for four generations, delivering dependable cesspool and septic system services that homeowners and businesses rely on. Our history is built on trust, and we strive to uphold this legacy with every job.

For homeowners considering long island cesspool installation, working with established local companies ensures compliance with current regulations and access to the latest nitrogen-reducing technologies. Customer satisfaction drives everything we do at Quality Cesspool. From the moment you call us to the post-service follow-up, we ensure that your experience is seamless and stress-free. Our transparent pricing, prompt responses, and professional demeanor have helped us build a robust client base that values our commitment to quality and integrity.

Looking Ahead: Future Compliance

The regulatory environment continues to evolve, with ongoing monitoring and potential additional requirements. The new laws also require regular inspections and maintenance of septic systems and advanced wastewater treatment systems. Homeowners and businesses must have their systems inspected every three years and must submit a report to the county.

Homeowners should stay informed about these regulations and plan accordingly. The average total cost for nitrogen-removing I/A systems is approximately $25,000.00, plus the cost of attendant engineering and design services. It’s important to note that costs will vary on a case-by-case basis. However, with available grants and financing options, the financial burden can be significantly reduced.

The 2024 regulations represent Suffolk County’s commitment to protecting Long Island’s water quality for future generations. While the requirements may seem daunting, the combination of available financial assistance, professional expertise, and environmental benefits makes compliance both achievable and worthwhile for Long Island homeowners.